(-)-Anisodamine, also known as 6β-hydroxyhyoscyamine, is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid. It is a chiral compound and the (-)-enantiomer is the biologically active form. Structurally, it is closely related to atropine and scopolamine, featuring a tropine core with ester and hydroxyl substitutions. This compound is primarily known as an anticholinergic agent. It acts as a selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist, with a particular affinity for the M1 and M2 subtypes. Its main clinical and research applications are in the treatment of conditions involving smooth muscle spasm and microcirculatory disorders. It has been widely used, especially in China, for managing septic shock, acute circulatory failure, and various visceral colics due to its ability to improve microcirculation with relatively fewer central nervous system side effects compared to atropine. (-)-Anisodamine is sourced from plants of the Solanaceae family, such as *Anisodus tanguticus*. Its pharmacological profile makes it a valuable active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and a subject of ongoing research in neurology and critical care medicine.