2-Iodobenzaldehyde is an aromatic organic compound featuring both an aldehyde group and an iodine atom at the ortho position on the benzene ring. It is a pale yellow to yellow crystalline solid with a molecular formula of C7H5IO. This compound is a versatile and valuable building block in organic synthesis. The iodine atom serves as an excellent handle for various transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, such as Suzuki, Sonogashira, and Heck couplings, enabling the construction of complex biaryl and substituted aromatic systems. Concurrently, the reactive aldehyde group can undergo a wide range of transformations, including condensation, reduction, and oxidation reactions. It is frequently employed in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials, particularly as a precursor for heterocycles like quinolines and isoquinolines. 2-Iodobenzaldehyde should be stored in a cool, dry place, protected from light. It is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, and reducing agents. Standard safety precautions for handling halogenated aromatic compounds should be observed.